The science behind the
Cancer Digital Twin

A working model of this patient’s cancer, built before the first dose. GeneSilico turns every available input (molecular, pathological, radiological, and clinical) into one computational picture, then reasons over it to surface therapies matched to their own biology and the evidence.

We model each patient from the data they actually have.

The twin is multi-modal first and multi-omics where present, built from the data a patient actually has. It models not just what the tumor is, but how it responds, resists, and evolves.

Digital Twin

Genomics

Somatic variants, copy number, and structural changes from sequencing or panels.

Deep Precision NGS

Transcriptomics

Pathway activity and tumor micro-environment data from RNA expression.

MyCasebook

Pathology

IHC, histology, and report findings read into structured biomarkers.

MyCasebook

Radiology

Imaging-derived disease extent and metastatic sites.

Casebook

Clinical record

Diagnosis, staging, prior lines, comorbidities, and performance status.

We focus on the integration, not the inventory.

Each modality is harmonized and reconciled into one coherent context. As more data arrives, the context is rebuilt.

Many data inputs.
One reasoned answer out.

Every modality a patient has is integrated into a single in-silico model to be read, questioned, and acted on.

Patient Data In
Genomics · variants, CNV
Transcriptomics · RNA
Pathology · IHC, histology
Radiology · imaging
Clinical record · history
Prior therapy · response
What We Examine
Drivers & alterations
Pathway activity
Tumor microenvironment
Resistance programs
Disease context
Therapeutic vulnerabilities
What the Clinician Receives
Ranked therapies and what was ruled out
Decision pathway if / then next steps
Patient timeline full disease chronology
Cross-modal findings that agree / conflict
Every claim cited with confidence and gaps
Diagnostic gaps what to resolve next

Inputs and outputs shown; internal processing is proprietary. Built only on publicly available, openly-licensed knowledge.

A full tumor board built in minutes.

Six specialized agents converge on a single patient. Each runs independent analysis and contributes one part of the personalized evidence battery.

Calls variants, derives signatures (HRD, MSI), computes pathway-level scores against curated knowledge bases.
Calibrates every claim. Builds confidence intervals from actual cohorts supporting each evidence piece and flags fragile claims
Reads whole-slide imaging, scores receptor and biomarker assays, identifies tumour microenvironment features.
Extracts radiomic features, tracks lesion volumetrics, computes RE- CIST trajectories, and surfaces sub-clinical change early.
Maps the patient against guideline pathways (NCCN, ESMO, NCG), reconciles with molecular reality, and surfaces deviations.
Continuously matches the patient’s evolving feature set against open trials with strong biomarker-anchored cases.
Clinical Oncologist
Bioinformation
Biostatistician
Trial Specialist
Radiologist
Pathologist

Personalized tumor biology
weighed against real-world evidence.

Each candidate therapy is scored on a single, consistent scale that blends what the patient's own biology suggests with what published evidence and guidelines support.

0–100
One scale. Four inputs, combined into a single score.

The patient's molecular and tumor biology

Strength of published, real-world evidence

Alignment with clinical guidelines

Safety against history and comorbidities

One patient's journey:
Meet Jane Doe.

A 54-year-old with HR+/HER2− breast cancer. Before reasoning about what comes next, her twin rebuilds the full disease chronology from every report on file.

MARCH 2022
Diagnosis
Invasive ductal carcinoma, cT2N1M0, grade 2. ER 90%, PR 60%, HER2 1+, Ki-67 22%.
MAY 2022
Surgery + pathology
Lumpectomy with sentinel node biopsy; 2 of 3 nodes positive, margins clear.
2022–2023
Adjuvant therapy
Adjuvant chemotherapy, then an aromatase inhibitor with a CDK4/6 inhibitor.
FEB 2025
Metastatic relapse
Imaging shows hepatic and osseous metastases on AI + CDK4/6i. Biopsy and NGS ordered.
MARCH 2026
Digital Twin built
NGS returns PIK3CA H1047R, ESR1 wild-type. Twin assembled across molecular, pathology and clinical data.

What her oncologist receives

Her twin ranks every therapy on the same scale, shows the reasons behind each, and carries the evidence so the rationale can be checked line by line.

Patient
Jane Doe · 54 · HR+/HER2− breast · metastatic
Key Biology
PIK3CA H1047R · ESR1 wild-type · prior AI + CD-
K4/6i
CONTEXT
Rank
01
Alpelisib + fulvestrant
Alpelisib + fulvestrant
PIK3CA-activating mutation directly matches the target; supported on-label after endocrine progression.
Biomarker match Curated evidence Safety checked
Score
86
Rank
02
Everolimus + exemestane
Everolimus + exemestane
PI3K/mTOR-axis activity supports mTOR inhibition; guideline option after CDK4/6i.
Tumor biology Guideline option
Score
71
Rank
03
Capivasertib + fulvestrant
Capivasertib + fulvestrant
AKT-pathway alteration present; emerging evidence in this setting, flagged for confirmation.
Biomarker match Literature Evidence gap flagged
Score
68

Illustrative example. Scores, levels, and rankings shown are for demonstration only and do not represent a clinical recommendation.

A pathway, not just a label.

For Jane, the report does not stop at “PIK3CA mutated.” It lays out the actionable flow:
gate on the result, branch, act, and plan the next move.

GATE

Confirm PIK3CA activating mutation

tumor or ctDNA

CONFIRMED NOT CONFIRMED
ACT

PI3K-targeted therapy + endocrine backbone

biomarker-matched, on-label after progression

NOT CONFIRMED
ACT

Guideline endocrine-based alternative

next-line option per current guidelines

ON PROGRESSION
NEXT

Re-biopsy; reassess for ESR1 and resistance

plan the following line before it is needed

THROUGHOUT
WATCH

Monitor tolerance against comorbidities

safety tracked as the line proceeds

GATE

Confirm PIK3CA activating mutation

tumor or ctDNA

CONFIRMED

PI3K-targeted therapy + endocrine backbone

biomarker-matched, on-label after progression

NOT CONFIRMED

Guideline endocrine-based alternative

next-line option per current guidelines

ON PROGRESSION

Re-biopsy; reassess for ESR1 and resistance

plan the following line before it is needed

THROUGHOUT

Monitor tolerance against comorbidities

safety tracked as the line proceeds

More than a marker list.

Conventional reports hand back biomarkers and stop. The Digital Twin Report shows its reasoning, and lets you check it.

Decision pathway

An explicit if/then flow: not just what to do, but what next, and when.

Patient timeline

The full disease chronology, reconstructed and placed in context.

What was ruled out

Every therapy considered is shown, ranked or demoted, each with the reason why.

Cross-modal synthesis

Where DNA, RNA, pathology and clinical data agree or conflict, surfaced explicitly.

Every claim cited

Each recommendation carries its evidence and a confidence level, so the rationale can be checked line by line.

Resistance anticipation & gaps

Emerging resistance is surfaced, and what's missing is named as a diagnostic gap with the test that would close it.

A closed loop that recalibrates
as the patient’s data changes.

01

Patient context

All available patient data harmonized and structured for the Digital Twin.

02

Digital Twin

Representing the tumor’s biology and the patient’s constraints.

03

Discovery + Scoring

Plausible therapies proposed, re-searched, and scored.

04

Rankings Delivered

An evidence-graded list delivered to the oncologist for decision support.

New Results Re-Enter the Loop

The twin is rebuilt as new evidence and outcomes arrive.

Peer-reviewed,
and honest about the edges.

The reasoning approach — a constrained, evidence-first agent — outperformed agents equipped with 200+ tools across five cancer types in a peer-reviewed study.

Decision support for a qualified oncologist, not autonomous decision-making.

Built only on publicly available, openly-licensed knowledge sources.

Coverage depends on the data a patient has; gaps are flagged, never hidden.

NPJ Systems Biology and Applications · Nature Portfolio · 2026
Optimizing genomics-aware clinical agents in precision oncology
Peer-reviewed. Load-bearing reference for the constrained-agent method.

Bring the science
to your clinic.

Request a demo, or explore how each part of the platform delivers the Digital Twin into your workflow.